REFEREED SCIENTIFIC PAPERS

As of February 2, 2005

[1] Y. Kuwahara, K. Akimoto, W. S. Leal, H. Nakao, and T. Suzuki, “Isopiperitenone, a new alarm pheromone of the acarid mite, Tyrophagus similis (Acarina, Acaridae),” Agric. Biol. Chem., vol. 51, pp. 3441-3442, 1987.

[2] Y. Kuwahara, W. S. Leal, K. Akimoto, Y. Nakano, and T. Suzuki, “Pheromone study of astigmatid mites XVI. Identification of hexenyl linolate in acarid mites and its distribution among the genus Tyrophagus,” Appl. Entomol. Zool., vol. 23, pp. 338-344, 1988.

[3] W. S. Leal, Y. Kuwahara, and T. Suzuki, “Neryl myristate from the acarid mite, Aleuroglyphus ovatus (Acarina, Acaridae),” Agric. Biol. Chem., vol. 52, pp. 1299-1300, 1988.

[4] W. S. Leal, Y. Nakano, Y. Kuwahara, H. Nakao, and T. Suzuki, “Pheromone study of acarid mites XVII. Identification of 2-hydroxy-6-methyl-benzaldehyde as the alarm pheromone of the acarid mite Tyrophagus perniciosus (Acarina: Acaridae), and its distribution among related mites,” Appl. Entomol. Zool., vol. 23, pp. 422-427, 1988.

[5] W. S. Leal, Y. Kuwahara, and T. Suzuki, “2(E)-(4-Methyl-3-pentenylidene)-butanedial, ?-acaridial: A new type of monoterpene from the mold mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acarina, Acaridae),” Agric. Biol. Chem., vol. 53, pp. 875-878, 1989.

[6] W. S. Leal, Y. Kuwahara, T. Suzuki, Y. Nakano, and H. Nakao, “Identification and synthesis of 2,3-epoxyneral, a novel monoterpene from the acarid mite Tyrophagus perniciosus (Acarina, Acaridae),” Agric. Biol. Chem., vol. 53, pp. 295-298, 1989.

[7] T. Suzuki, K. Haga, W. S. Leal, S. Kodama, and Y. Kuwahara, “Secretion of thrips. IV. Identification of??-acaradial from three gall-forming thrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeotripidae),” Appl. Entomol. Zool., vol. 24, pp. 222-228, 1989.

[8] W. S. Leal, Y. Kuwahara, T. Suzuki, and K. Kurosa, “?-Acaridial, the sex pheromone of the acarid mite Caloglyphus polyphyllae. Pheromone study of astigmatid mites, XXI,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 76, pp. 332-333, 1989.

[9] W. S. Leal, Y. Kuwahara, T. Suzuki, and H. Nakao, “Chemical taxonomy of economically important Tyrophagus mites (Acariformes, Acaridae),” Agric. Biol. Chem., vol. 53, pp. 3279-3284, 1989.

[10] W. S. Leal, Y. Kuwahara, T. Suzuki, and K. Kurosa, “The alarm pheromone of the mite Suidasia medanensis Oudemans, 1924 (Acariformes, Suidasiidae),” Agric. Biol. Chem., vol. 53, pp. 2703-2709, 1989.

[11] W. S. Leal, Y. Kuwahara, Y. Nakano, H. Nakao, and T. Suzuki, “2(E)-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)-butenedial, ?-acaridial, a novel monoterpene from the acarid mite Tyrophagus perniciosus (Acarina, Acaridae).,” Agric. Biol. Chem., vol. 53, pp. 1193-1196, 1989.

[12] Y. Kuwahara, W. S. Leal, Y. Nakano, Y. Kaneko, H. Nakao, and T. Suzuki, “Pheromone study of astigmatid mites XXIII. Identification of the alarm pheromone on the acarid mite, Tyrophagus neiswanderi and species specificities of alarm pheromones among four species of the same genus,” Appl. Entomol. Zool., vol. 24, pp. 424-429, 1989.

[13] Y. Kuwahara, W. S. Leal, T. Suzuki, M. Maeda, and T. Masutani, “Antifungal activity of Caloglyphus polyphyllae sex pheromone and other mite exudates. Pheromone study of astigmatid mites, XXIV,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 76, pp. 578-579, 1989.

[14] W. S. Leal and F. Mochizuki, “Chemoreception in astigmatid mites,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 77, pp. 593-594, 1990.

[15] Y. Kuwahara, W. S. Leal, and T. Suzuki, “Pheromone study on astigmatid mites XXVI. Comparison of volatile components between Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus (Astigmata, Pyroglyphidae),” Jpn. J. Sanit. Zool., vol. 41, pp. 23-28, 1990.

[16] W. S. Leal, Y. Kuwahara, and T. Suzuki, “Robinal, a highly conjugated monoterpenoid from the mite Rhizoglyphus robini. Chemical ecology of astigmatid mites, XXVII,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 77, pp. 387-388, 1990.

[17] W. S. Leal, Y. Kuwahara, and T. Suzuki, “Hexyl 2-formyl-3-hydroxybenzoate, a fungitoxic cuticular constituent of the bulb mite Rhyzoglyphus robini,” Agric. Biol. Chem., vol. 54, pp. 2593-2597, 1990.

[18] W. S. Leal, “(R,Z)-5-(—)-(Oct-1-enyl)oxacyclopentan-2-one, the sex pheromone of the scarab beetle Anomala cuprea,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 78, pp. 521-523, 1991.

[19] W. S. Leal, F. Mochizuki, S. Wakamura, and T. Yasuda, “Electroantennographic detection of Anomala cuprea Hope (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) sex pheromone,” Appl. Entomol. Zool., vol. 27, pp. 289-291, 1992.

[20] W. S. Leal and T. Kadosawa, “(E)-2-Hexenyl hexanoate, the alarm pheromone of the bean bug Riptortus clavatus (Heteroptera: Alydidae),” Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., vol. 56, pp. 1004-1005, 1992.

[21] W. S. Leal, M. Hasegawa, F. Mochizuki, and T. Yasuda, “Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence of sex pheromone(s) in Anomala schonfeldti Ohaus (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae),” Appl. Entomol. Zool., vol. 27, pp. 592-594, 1992.

[22] W. S. Leal, M. Hasegawa, and M. Sawada, “Identification of Anomala schonfeldti sex pheromone by high-resolution GC-behavior bioassay,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 79, pp. 518-519, 1992.

[23] W. S. Leal, S. Matsuyama, Y. Kuwahara, S. Wakamura, and M. Hasegawa, “An amino acid derivative as the sex pheromone of a scarab beetle,” Naturwissenschafen, vol. 79, pp.184-185, 1992.

[24] W. S. Leal, “GC-FTIR potential for structure elucidation,” J. Braz. Chem. Soc., vol. 3, pp. 25-29, 1992. [25] Y. Kuwahara, W. S. Leal, K. Kurosa, M. Sato, S. Matsuyama, and T. Suzuki, “Chemical ecology on astigmatid mites XXXIII. Identification of (Z,Z)-6,9-heptadecadiene in the secretion of Carpoglyphus lactis (Acarina, Carpoglyphidae) and its distribution among astigmatid mites,” J. Acarol. Soc. Jpn., vol. 1, pp. 95-104, 1992.

[26] W. S. Leal, M. Sawada, and M. Hasegawa, “The scarab beetle Anomala daimiana utilizes a blend of two other Anomala spp. sex pheromone,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 80, pp. 181-183, 1993.

[27] M. Hasegawa, W. S. Leal, and M. Sawada, “Field evaluation of Anomala schonfeldti Ohaus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) synthetic sex pheromone,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 19, pp. 1453-1459, 1993.

[28] W. S. Leal, M. Sawada, S. Matsuyama, Y. Kuwahara, and M. Hasegawa, “Unusual periodicity of sex pheromone production in the large black chafer Holotrichia parallela,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 19, pp. 1381-1391., 1993.

[29] W. S. Leal and F. Mochizuki, “Sex pheromone reception in the scarab beetle Anomala cuprea: Enantiomeric discrimination by sensilla placodea,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 80, pp. 278-281, 1993.

[30] W. S. Leal, “(Z)- and (E)-Tetradec-7-en-2-one, a new type of sex pheromone from the Oriental beetle,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 80, pp. 86-87, 1993.

[31] W. S. Leal, M. Sawada, and M. Hasegawa, “The scarab beetle Anomala cuprea utilizes the sex pheromone of Popillia japonica as a minor component,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 19, pp. 1303-1313, 1993.

[32] W. S. Leal, M. Ono, M. Hasegawa, and M. Sawada, “Kairomone from dandelion, Taraxacum officinale, attractant for scarab beetle Anomala octiescostata,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 20, pp. 1697-1704, 1994.

[33] W. S. Leal, J. M. S. Bento, E. F. Vilela, and T. M. C. Della Lucia, “Female sex pheromone of the longhorn beetle Migdolus fryanus Westwood: N-(2'S)-methylbutanoyl 2-methylbutylamine,” Experientia, vol. 50, pp. 853-856, 1994.

[34] W. S. Leal, M. Hasegawa, M. Sawada, M. Ono, and Y. Ueda, “Identification and field evaluation of Anomala octiescostata (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) sex pheromone,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 20, pp. 1543-1555, 1994.

[35] W. S. Leal, F. Kawamura, and M. Ono, “The scarab beetle Anomala albopilosa sakishimana utilizes the same sex pheromone blend as a closely related and geographically isolated species, Anomala cuprea,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 20, pp. 1667-1676, 1994.

[36] W. S. Leal, M. Hasegawa, M. Sawada, and M. Ono, “Sex pheromone of oriental beetle, Exomala orientalis: Identification and field evaluation,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 20, pp. 1705-1718, 1994.

[37] M. Toth, W. S. Leal, I. Szarukan, M. Lesznyak, and G. Szocs, “2-(E)-Nonen-1-ol: Male attractant for chafers Anomala vitis Fabr. and A. dubia Scop. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae),” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 20, pp. 2481-2487, 1994.

[38] W. S. Leal, A. R. Panizzi, and C. C. Niva, “Alarm pheromone of leaf-footed bug Leptoglossus zonatus (Heteroptera: Coreidae),” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 20, pp. 1209-1215, 1994.

[39] W. S. Leal, X. Shi, D. Liang, C. Schal, and J. Meinwald, “Application of chiral gas chromatograph with electroantennographic detection to the determination of the stereochemistry of a cockroach sex pheromone,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 92, pp. 1033-1037, 1995.

[40] W. S. Leal, “Sex pheromone of plant-feeding scarab beetles,” Korean J. Appl. Entomol., vol. 34, pp. 9, 1995.

[41] W. S. Leal, X. Shi, K. Nakamuta, M. Ono, and J. Meinwald, “Structure, stereochemistry, and thermal isomerization of the male sex pheromone of the longhorn beetle Anaglyptus subfasciatus,” Proc. Natl. Acad.. Sci. USA, vol. 92, pp. 1038-1042., 1995.

[42] W. S. Leal, H. Higuchi, N. Mizutani, H. Nakamori, T. Kadosawa, and M. Ono, “Multifunctional communication in Riptortus clavatus (Heteroptera: Alydidae): Conspecific nymphs and egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus nezarae use the same adult attractant pheromone as chemical cue,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 21, pp. 973-985, 1995.

[43] X. Shi, W. S. Leal, Z. Liu, E. Schrader, and J. Meinwald, “A new synthesis of alkylated 2H-pyran-2-ones and its application to the determination of the relative and absolute configuration of supellapyrone, sex pheromone of the brownbanded cockroach, Supella longipalpa,” Tehtrahedron Lett., vol. 36, pp. 71-74, 1995.

[44] W. S. Leal, Y. Ueda, and M. Ono, “Attractant pheromone for male rice bug, Leptocorisa chinensis: Semiochemicals produced by male and female,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 22, pp. 1429-1437, 1996.

[45] W. S. Leal, C. P. S. Yadava, and J. N. Vijayvergia, “Aggregation of the scarab beetle Holotrichia consanguinea in response to female-released pheromone suggests secondary function hypothesis for semiochemical,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 22, pp. 1557-1566, 1996.

[46] W. S. Leal, M. Hasegawa, M. Sawada, M. Ono, and S. Tada, “Scarab beetle Anomala albopilosa albopilosa utilizes a more complex sex pheromone system than a similar species A. cuprea,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 22, pp. 2001-2010, 1996.

[47] R. H. Cherry, M. G. Klein, and W. S. Leal, “Attraction of adult Anomala marginata (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to anethole,” J. Agric. Entomol., vol. 13, pp. 359-364, 1996.

[48] G. Yarden, A. Shani, and W. S. Leal, “(Z,E)-?-Farnesene, an electroantennogram-active component of Maladera matrida volatiles,” Bioorg. Med. Chem., vol. 4, pp. 283-287, 1996.

[49] W. S. Leal, “Chemical communication in scarab beetles: Reciprocal behavioral agonist-antagonist activities of chiral pheromones,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 93, pp. 12112-12115, 1996.

[50] W. S. Leal, S. Kuwahara, M. Ono, and S. Kubota, “(R,Z)-7,15-Hexadecadien-4-olide, sex pheromone of the yellowsih elongate chafer, Heptophylla picea,” Bioorg. Med. Chem., vol. 4, pp. 315-321, 1996.

[51] X. Shi, W. S. Leal, and J. Meinwald, “Assignment of the absolute stereochemistry to an insect pheromone by chiral amplification,” Bioorg. Med. Chem., vol. 4, pp. 297-303, 1996.

[52] N. Mizutani, T. Wada, H. Higuchi, M. Ono, and W. S. Leal, “A component of a synthetic aggregation pheromone of Riptortus clavatus (Thumberg) (Heteroptera: Alydidae), that attracts an egg parasitoid, Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae),” Appl. Entomol. Zool., vol. 32, pp. 504-507, 1997.

[53] A. Zhang, P. S. Robbins, W. S. Leal, C. E. Linn Jr., M. G. Villani, and W. L. Roelofs, “Essential amino acid methyl esters: Major sex pheromone components of the cranberry white grub, Phyllophaga anxia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae),” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 23, pp. 231-245, 1997.

[54] K. Nakamuta, W. S. Leal, T. Nakashima, M. Tokoro, M. Ono, and M. Nakanishi, “Increase of trap catches by a combination of male sex pheromones and floral attractants in longhorn beetle, Anaglyptus subfasciatus,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 23, pp. 1635-1640, 1997.

[55] S. Tada and W. S. Leal, “Localization and morphology of sex pheromone glands in scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Rutelinae, Melolonthinae),” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 23, pp. 903-915, 1997.

[56] J. R. Aldrich, W. S. Leal, R. Nishida, A. P. Khrimian, C.-J. Lee, and Y. Sakuratani, “Semiochemistry of aposematic seed bugs,” Entomol. Exp. Appl., vol. 84, pp. 127-135, 1997.

[57] S. Kuwahara, S. Hamade, Y. Yoshinaga, W. S. Leal, and O. Kodama, “Synthesis of (R,Z)-7,15-hexadecadien-4-olide, the sex pheromone of the yellowish elongate chafer (Heptophylla picea),” Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., vol. 61, pp. 1696-1698, 1997.

[58] W. S. Leal, P. H. G. Zarbin, H. Wojtasek, S. Kuwahara, M. Hasegawa, and Y. Ueda, “Medicinal alkaloid as a sex pheromone,” Nature, vol. 385, pp. 213, 1997.

[59] T. Imai, S. Tsuchiya, T. Maekawa, T. Fujimori, and W. S. Leal, “Methyl anthranilate, a novel attractant for the soybean beetle, Anomala rufocuprea Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae),” Appl. Entomol. Zool., vol. 32, pp. 45-48, 1997.

[60] W. S. Leal, J. I. L. Moura, J. M. S. Bento, E. F. Vilela, and P. B. Pereira, “Electrophysiological and behavioral evidence for a sex pheromone in the wasp Bephratelloides pomorum,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 23, pp. 1281-1289, 1997.

[61] W. S. Leal and K. Uchida, “Application of GC-EAD to the determination of mosquito repellents derived from a plant, Cymbopogon citratus,” J. Asia-Pacific Entomol., vol. 1, pp. 217-221, 1998.

[62] W. S. Leal, S. Kuwahara, X. Shi, H. Higuchi, C. E. B. Marino, M. Ono, and J. Meinwald, “Male-released sex pheromone of the stink bug Piezodorus hybneri,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 24, pp. 1817-1829, 1998.

[63] H. Wojtasek, B. S. Hansson, and W. S. Leal, “Chemical communication in scarab beetles with one pheromone binding protein, two olfactory receptor neurons and two enantiomeric pheromones,” Jpn. J. Taste Smell Res. (in Japanese), vol. 5, pp. 545-548, 1998.

[64] H. Wojtasek, B. Hansson, and W. S. Leal, “Attracted or repelled? - A matter of two neurons, one pheromone binding protein, and a chiral center,” Biochem. Biophysic. Res. Commun., vol. 250, pp. 217-222, 1998.

[65] S. Kuwahara, D. Itoh, W. S. Leal, and O. Kodama, “A convenient synthesis of (2S,3R,6S,7Z)- and (2R,3S,6S,7Z)-2,3-epoxy-7,10-bisabolene, the sex pheromone of the Southern green stink bug (Nezara viridula),” Tetrahedron, vol. 54, pp. 11421-11430, 1998.

[66] S. Kuwahara, T. Tsuruta, W. S. Leal, and O. Kodama, “Synthesis of both enantiomers of 15-hexadecanolide, a sex pheromone component of the stink bug, Piezodorus hybneri,” Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., vol. 62, pp. 1261-1263, 1998.

[67] S. Kuwahara, D. Itoh, W. S. Leal, and O. Kodama, “A convenient synthesis of a sex pheromone component of the Southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.),” Tetrahedron Lett., vol. 39, pp. 1183-1184, 1998.

[68] B. S. Hansson, M. C. Larsson, and W. S. Leal, “Green leaf volatile-detecting olfactory receptor neurones display very high sensitivity and specificity in a scarab beetle,” Physiol. Entomol., vol. 24, pp. 1-6, 1999.

[69] M. Maekawa, T. Imai, S. Tsuchiya, T. Fujimori, and W. S. Leal, “Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the soybean beetle, Anomala rufocuprea Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to methyl anthranilate and its related compounds,” Appl. Entomol. Zool., vol. 34, pp. 99-103, 1999.

[70] W. S. Leal, P. H. G. Zarbin, H. Wojtasek, and J. T. Tercio, “Biosynthesis of scarab beetle pheromones: enantioselective 8-hydroxylation of fatty acids,” Eur. J. Biochem., vol. 259, pp. 175-180, 1999.

[71] J.-Y. Kim and W. S. Leal, “Eversible pheromone gland in a melolonthine beetle, Holotrichia parallela,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 25, pp. 825-833, 1999.

[72] W. S. Leal, “Enantiomeric anosmia in scarab beetles,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 25, pp. 1055-1066, 1999.

[73] M. C. Larsson, W. S. Leal, and B. S. Hansson, “Olfactory receptor neurons specific to chiral sex pheromone components in male and female Anomala cuprea beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae),” J. Comp. Physiol. A, vol. 184, pp. 353-359, 1999.

[74] H. Wojtasek and W. S. Leal, “Degradation of an alkaloid pheromone from the pale-brown chafer, Phyllopertha diversa (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), by an insect olfactory cytochrome P450, “FEBS Lett., vol. 458, pp. 333-336, 1999.

[75] J.-F. Picimbon, and W. S. Leal, “Olfactory soluble proteins of cockroaches,” Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol., vol 29, pp. 973-978, 1999.

[76] N. Mizutani, T. Wada, H. Higuchi, M. Ono, and W. S. Leal, “Effect of synthetic aggregation pheromone of Riptortus clavatus on density and parasitism of egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in soybean fields,” Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool, vol 43, pp. 195-202, 1999.

[77] H. Wojtasek and W. S. Leal, “Conformational change in the pheromone-binding protein from Bombyx mori induced by pH and by interaction with membranes,” J. Biol. Chem., vol. 274, pp. 30950-30956, 1999.

[78] H. Wojtasek, J.-F. Picimbon, and W. S. Leal, “Identification and cloning of odorant binding proteins from the scarab beetle Phyllopertha diversa,” Biochem. Biophysic. Res. Commun., vol. 263, pp. 832-837, 1999.

[79] W. S. Leal, L. Nikonova, and G. Peng, “Disulfide structure of the pheromone binding protein from the silkworm moth, Bombyx mori,” FEBS Lett., vol. 464, pp. 85-90, 1999.

[80] B. H. Sandler, L. Nikonova, W. S. Leal, and J. Clardy, “Sexual attraction in the silkworm moth; structure of the pheromone-binding-protein-bombykol complex,” Chem. Biol., vol. 7, pp. 143-151, 2000.

[81] S. Kuwahara, I. Nagashima, W. S. Leal, J. Ishikawa, and O. Kodama, “Preparation of (—)-periplanone D and its physical and spectroscopic properties,” Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., vol 64, pp. 600-602, 2000.

[82] W. S. Leal, “Duality monomer-dimer of the pheromone-binding protein from Bombyx mori,” Biochem. Biophysic. Res. Commun., vol. 268, pp. 521-529, 2000.

[83] J.-Y. Kim and W. S. Leal, “Utrastructure of pheromone-detecting sensillum placodeum of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newmann (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae),” Arthropod Struc. Develop., vol 29, pp. 121-128, 2000.

[84] S. Kuwahara, S. Hamade, W. S. Leal, J. Ishikawa, and O. Kodama, “Synthesis of a novel sesquiterpene isolated from the pheromone gland of a stink bug, Tynacantha marginata Dallas,” Tetrahedron, vol 56, pp. 8111-8117, 2000.

[85] S. Kuwahara, J. Ishikawa, W. S. Leal, S. Hamade, and O. Kodama, “Synthesis of both enantiomers of a novel sesquiterpene isolated from the pheromone gland of a stink bug, Tynacantha marginata Dallas,” Synthesis, vol 2000, pp. 1930-1935, 2000.

[86] S. Kuwahara, T. Liang, W. S. Leal, J. Ishikawa, and O. Kodama, “Synthesis of all four possible stereoisomers of 5,9- dimethylpentadecane, the major sex pheromone component of the coffee leaf miner moth, Perileucoptera coffeella,” Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., vol 64, pp. 2723-2726, 2000.

[87] S. Marchese, S. Angeli, A. Andolfo, A. Scaloni, A. Brandazza, M. Mazza, J. F. Picimbon, W. S. Leal, and P. Pelosi, “Soluble proteins from chemosensory organs of Eurycantha calcarata (Insects, Phasmatodea),” Insect Biochem. Molecular Biol., vol 30, pp. 1091-1098, 2000.

[88] F. Damberger, L. Nikonova, R. Horst, G. H. Peng, W. S. Leal, and K. Wuthrich, “NMR characterization of a pH-dependent equilibrium between two folded solution conformations of the pheromone-binding protein from Bombyx mori,” Protein Sci. vol 9, pp. 1038-1041, 2000.

[89] J. M. S. Bento, J. R. P. Parra, E. F. Vilela, J. M. Walder, and W. S. Leal, “Sexual behavior and diel activity of citrus fruit borer Ecdytolopha aurantiana,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol 27, pp. 2053-2065, 2001.

[90] R. Horst, F. Damberger, G. H. Peng, L. Nikonova, W. S. Leal, and K. Wuthrich, “NMR assignment of the A form of the pheromone-binding protein of Bombyx mori,” J. Biomol. NMR, vol 19, pp. 79-80, 2001.

[91] M. C. Larsson, W. S. Leal, and B. S. Hansson, “Olfactory receptor neurons detecting plant odours and male volatiles in Anomala cuprea beetles (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae). J. Insect Physiol., vol 47, pp. 1065-1076, 2001.

[92] W. S. Leal, J. M. S. Bento, Y. Murata, M. Ono, J. R. P. Parra, and E. F. Vilela, “Identification, synthesis, and field evaluation of the sex pheromone of the citrus fruit borer Ecdytolopha aurantiana,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol 27, pp. 2041-2051, 2001.

[93] A. A. Nikonov, J. T. Valiyaveettil, and W. S. Leal, “A photoaffinity-labeled green leaf volatile compound 'tricks' highly selective and sensitive insect olfactory receptor neurons,” Chem. Senses, vol 26, pp. 49-54, 2001.

[94] G. H. Peng, and W. S. Leal, “Identification and cloning of a pheromone-binding protein from the oriental beetle, Exomala orientalis,” J. Chem. Ecol., vol 27, pp. 2183-2192, 2001.

[95] R. Horst, F. Damberger, P. Luginbuhl, P. Guntert, G. Peng, L. Nikonova, W. S. Leal, and K. Wuthrich, “NMR structure reveals intramolecular regulation mechanism for pheromone binding and release,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol 98, pp. 14374-14379, 2001.

[96] Z. Deyu, and W. S. Leal. Conformational isomers of insect odorant-binding proteins. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. Vol 397, pp. 99-105, 2002.

[97] J-Y. Kim, M. Hasegawa, and W. S. Leal. Individual variation in pheromone emission and termination patterns in female Anomala cuprea. Chemoecology, vol. 12, pp. 121-128, 2002.

[98] A. A. Nikonov and W. S. Leal. Peripheral coding of sex pheromone and behavioral antagonist in the Japanese beetle. J. Chem. Ecol. Vol 28, pp. 1079-1093, 2002.

[99] A. A. Nikonov, G. Peng, G. Tsurupa, and W. S. Leal. Unisex pheromone detectors and pheromone-binding proteins in scarab beetles. Chem. Senses, vol. 27, pp. 495-504, 2002.

[100] Y. Ishida, A. J. Cornel, and W. S. Leal. Identification and cloning of a female antenna-specific odorant-binding protein in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. J. Chem. Ecol. vol. 28, pp. 867-871, 2002.

[101] B. H. Alizadeh, S. Kuwahara, W. S. Leal, and H.-C. Men. Synthesis of the racemate of (Z)-exo-?-bergamotenal, a pheromone component of the white-spotted spined bug, Eysarcoris parvus Uhler. Biosci. Biochem. Biotech. Vol. 66, 1415-1418, 2002.

[102] Y. Ishida, V. P. Chiang, M. I. Haverty, and W. S. Leal. Odorant-binding proteins from a primitive termite. J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 28, pp 1887-1893, 2002.

[103] Y. Ishida, V. P. Chiang, and W. S. Leal. Protein that makes sense in the Argentine ant. Naturwissenschaften, vol. 89, pp.505-507, 2002.

[104] Y. Ishida, and W. S. Leal. Cloning of putative odorant-degrading enzyme and integumental esterase cDNAs from the wild silkmoth, Antheraea polyphemus. Insect Biochem. Molec. Biol., vol. 32, pp. 1775-1780, 2002.

[105] D. Lee, F. F. Damberger, G. Peng, R. Horst, P. Guntert, L. Nikonova, W. S. Leal, and K. Wuthrich. NMR structure of the unliganded form of Bombyx mori pheromone-binding protein at physiological pH. FEBS Lett., vol. 531, pp. 314-318, 2002.

[106] D. Lee, F. F. Damberger, G. Peng, R. Horst, P. Guntert, L. Nikonova, W. S. Leal, and K. Wuthrich. NMR structure of the unliganded form of Bombyx mori pheromone-binding protein at physiological pH. FEBS Lett., vol. 531, pp. 314-318, 2002.

[107] W. S. Leal, A. C. Oehlschlager, P. H. G. Zarbin, E. Hidalgo, P. J. Shannon, Y. Murata, L. Gonzalez, R. Andrade, and M. Ono. Sex pheromone of the scarab beetle Phyllophaga elenans and some intriguing minor components. J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 29, pp. 15-25, 2003.

[108] A. C. Oehlschlager, W. S. Leal, L. Gonzalez, M. Chacon, and R. Andrade. Trapping of Phyllophaga elenans with a female-produced pheromone. J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 29, pp. 27-36, 2003.

[109] M. Toth, M. Subchev, I. Sredkov, I. Szarukan, and W. S. Leal. A sex attractant for the scarab beetle Anomala solida ER. J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 29, pp. 1643-1649, 2003.

[110] Y. Ishida, A. J. Cornel, and W. S. Leal.Odorant-binding protein from Culex tarsalis, the most competent vector of West Nile virus in California. J. Asia Pacific Entomol., vol 6, pp. 1-4, 2003.

[111] C. Germeno, W. S. Leal, K. Mori, and C. Schal. Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the brwonbanded cockroach, Supella longipalpa, to stereoisomers of its sex pheromone, supellapyrone. J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 29, pp. 1769-1783, 2003.

[112] D. Eliyahu, K. Mori, H. Takikawa, W. S. Leal, and C. Schal. Behavioral activity of stereoisomers and new component of the contact sex pheromone of the female German cockroach Blatella germanica, J. Chem. Ecol., vol. 30, pp. 1839-1848, 2004.

[113] M. Maibeche-Coisne, A. A. Nikonov, Y. Ishida, E. Jacquin-Joly, and W. S. Leal, Pheromone anosmia in a scarab beetle induced by in vivo inhibition of a pheromone-degrading enzyme, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 101, pp. 11459-11464, 2004.

[114] W. S. Leal, Pheromone unwrapping by pH flip-flopping, Chem. Biol., vol. 11, pp. 1029-1031, 2004.

[115] Y. Ishida, A. M. Chen, J. M. Tsuruda, A. J. Cornel, M. Debboun, and W. S. Leal, Intriguing olfactory proteins from the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, Naturwissenschaften, vol. 91, pp. 426-431, 2004.

[116] W. S. Leal, Pheromone reception. Top. Curr. Chem., vol. 240, pp. 1-36, 2005.

Invited chapter and review articles:

[1] W. S. Leal and Y. Kuwahra, “Cuticle wax chemistry of astigmatid mites,” in Modern acarology,” F. Dusbábek and V. Bukva, Eds. The Hague: Academic Press Prague and SPB Academic Publising bv, vol. 2, pp. 419-423.

[2] W. S. Leal, “Sex pheromones of scarab beetles,” ShokubutsuBoeki (in Japanese), vol. 47, pp. 134-137, 1993.

[3] M. Ono, M. Mori, and W. S. Leal, “Development of pheromone traps,” Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi (in Japanese), vol. 68, pp. 1281-1287, 1994.

[4] W. S. Leal, “Evolution of sex pheromone communication in plant-feeding scarab beetles,” in Insect pheromone research: New directions, R. T. Carde and A. K. Minks, Eds. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1997, pp. 505-13.

[5] W. S. Leal, “Infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy techniques,” in Methods in chemical ecology: Chemical methods, vol. 1, M. J. G. and K. F. Haynes, Eds. Norwell: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998, pp. 185-206.

[6] W. S. Leal, H. Wojtasek, and M. Miyazawa, “Pheromone-binding proteins of scarab beetles,” Annals New York Acad. Sci., vol. 855, pp. 301-305, 1998.

[7] W. S. Leal, H. Wojtasek, J.-F. Picimbon, S. Kuwahara, H. Saito, and M. Hasegawa, “Perireceptor events in pheromone perception in scarab beetles,” J. Asia-Pacific Entomol., vol. 1, pp. 1-8, 1998.

[8] W. S. Leal, “Chemical ecology of phytophagous scarab beetles,” Annu. Rev. Entomol., vol. 43, pp. 39-61, 1998.

[9] W. S. Leal, “Chemical communication in scarab beetles,” Kagaku to Seibustu (in Japanese), vol. 36, pp. 262-268, 1998.

[10] P. H. G. Zarbin, J. T. B. Ferreira, and W. S. Leal, “General methodologies employed on the isolation and structural identification of insect pheromones,” Quimica Nova (in Portuguese), vol. 22, pp. 263-268, 1999.

[11] W. S. Leal, “Beetles as crop pests: scarabids,” in Pheromones of non-lepidopteran insects in agriculture, R. J. Hardie and A. K. Minks, Eds. New York: CAB International, pp. 51-68, 1999.

[12] W. S. Leal, “Mechanisms of chemical communication in scarab beetles,” in Environmental entomology: Behavior, physiology, and chemical ecology, T. Hidaka, Y. Matsumoto, K. Honda, H. Honda, and K. Tatsuki, Eds. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 464-478, 1999.

[13] W. S. Leal, “Molecules and macromolecules involved in chemical communication of scarab beetles,” Pure Appl. Chem., vol 73, pp. 613-616, 2001.

[14] W. S. Leal, “Proteins that make sense,” in Insect Pheromone Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The biosynthesis and detection of pheromones and plant volatiles, G. J. Blomquist, and R. G. Vogt, Eds. Elsevier Academic Press, 447-476, 2003.

[15] W. S. Leal, “Molecular basis of pheromone reception and signal inactivation in moths and beetles,” in Semiochemicals in Pest Management and Alternative Agriculture, R. J. Petroski, M. R. Tellez, and R. W. Behle, eds, ACS, in press.